Explanation: Explanation : RDSO guidelines Indian Railways Telecom Manual (IRTM) As per and related , while laying cables for signaling and telecom purposes, are to be provided for future use, maintenance flexibility, and fault isolation. "Beyond the farthest point, a minimum of 10% of the total number of conductors used shall be kept as spare, subject to a minimum of 2 conductors."

Explanation: Explanation : to monitor the health of the network. It is an essential tool for managing the complete data networks using based on open standards. The Network Management System can do various tasks like configuration, diagnostic, provisioning, security and originating various MIS reports to be utilized by the Network Manager. NMS also has the facility of performance monitoring through resource utilization graphs. As far as possible traffic logs from various network devices may be recorded at a central server for analysis SNMP protocol purposes. Network Management System (NMS) is an essential part of any data network

Explanation: Explanation : funds are provided by the requesting agency/person on behalf of other departments, local bodies, or private individuals Works executed by the Railways —where —are classified as: These works are , but by , and are carried out as a service. Deposit Works

Explanation: Explanation : Limited to (steel, aluminium, brass). for producing external threads. Fastest method → metal is displaced → no chips. No material removal Thread Rolling –

Explanation: Explanation : low-latency routing using Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Quality of Service (QoS) or, more specifically, or . packet. Every router within the network knows how to handle different Instead, every router uses the label as an index to identify a new FEC When a packet enters the MPLS network, a forwarding equivalence class (FEC) value is assigned to it by adding a small label to the FEC labels, so there is no need to do a header analysis each time. for that packet. MPLS creates a predetermined path to route traffic in the most efficient way possible based on the FEC label. This mechanism gives routers the option to choose low-latency routes

Explanation: Explanation : PH No PH Name The Minor heads (Plan Heads) of classification are follows- 11 - New lines (construction) 12 - Purchase of new lines. 13 - Restoration of dismantled line. 14 - Gauge conversion. 15 - Doubling. 16 - Traffic facilities – Yard remodeling and others. 22 - Rolling Stock. 32 - Track Renewals. 33 - Bridgework. 34 - Signaling and Telecommunication works. 35 - Taking over of line wires from P&T deptt. 36 - Electrification project. 37 - Other electrical works. 41 - Machinery and plants. 42 - Workshops including production units. 52 - Staff quarters. 53 - Amenities for Staff. 54 - Passenger amenities and other Rlys. Users amenities. 61 - Investment in Government commercial undertaking- Public undertaking. 64 - Other specified works. 71 - Stores suspense. 72 - Manufacturing suspense. 73 - Miscellaneous Advances. 81 - Metropolitan transport projects. Plan Head Coordinator Divisional Zonal Rly/PU 11 New Lines Sr.DOM PCOM 14

Explanation: Explanation : halves. It shall not be provided in a Block section with heavy and continuous provided in a Block section with heavy and continuous falling gradients steeper the trains being stopped at each of the Automatic Stop Signals. Automatic signal shall be located normally with a spacing of one km from each other subject to other considerations and headway required. It shall not be than 1 in 80 unless the brake power of trains on the section is adequate to enable Intermediate block signal shall be located, so as to split block section into near falling gradients steeper than 1 in 80 unless the brake power of trains on the

Explanation: Explanation : in tenders (to ensure suitable contractors) "similar nature of works" In railway construction and contracting, refers to: A of types of works which require . grouping or classification Important for: similar skill sets, materials, and execution processes “The authority to define the similar nature of works shall rest with the head of the technical department concerned.” Eligibility criteria (past experience of similar works) Assessment of credentials

Explanation: Explanation : (i) There should be 2 OFC cables of 48 fibers each (96 fibers) on each side of the track. (ii) Zones shall carry out section wise gap analysis for provision of 2×48 fibers (96 Fibers) on each side of track duly taking in account the already laid OFC cable in last 10 years in the section and existing various provisions of OFC already covered in sanctioned works. the issue of OFC cable laying has been reviewed by Board and in order to avoid duplicity of OFC cable laying works, the following has been decided:

Explanation: Explanation : (c) Minimum Length: The length of a track circuit shall not be less than the two rail lengths (26 meters). track. Single Rail track circuit for D.C track circuit and Double Rail track circuit for Track Circuits General (a) A closed type track circuit shall be provided to prove the clearance of rail (b) Double rail track circuits shall be provided on non-RE areas. In RE areas, AFTC shall be used. maximum wheel base of any vehicle . The Track circuits shall cover at least